Research library
The research library
Every primary source behind a claim on this site, tier-graded for provenance and tagged for the strength of the evidence it carries.
- Sources indexed
- 221
- Peptides covered
- 44
- Tier 1 share
- 100%
- Matching filter
- 7
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Reset allT1·Peer-primary literature
Randomized trials, peer-reviewed primary studies, and meta-analyses — the load-bearing layer of the corpus.
7 sources
- 2026Cohortmoderaten=63,083
Risk of Heart Failure Hospitalization for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Versus DPP-4 Inhibitors or SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation
Xu Y, Huang T, Zhang Y, +4 · Circulation
In a Stockholm 2010–2021 target-trial emulation of 63,083 adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced 3-year heart-failure hospitalization versus DPP-4 inhibitors (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.66–0.91) but were not different from SGLT-2 inhibitors (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.85–1.18) — the cleanest comparative-effectiveness signal to date that the GLP-1RA cardioprotective effect is real against DPP-4i but does not match SGLT-2i for the heart-failure endpoint.
- 2025Cohortmoderaten=3,737
GLP-1 Analog Use is Associated With Improved Disease Course in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Report from the Epi-IIRN
Gorelik Y, Ghersin I, Lujan R, +9 · Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
In 3,737 patients with IBD and type 2 diabetes drawn from the Israeli Epi-IIRN nationwide cohort, GLP-1-analog use was associated with reduced composite poor IBD outcomes (adjusted HR 0.74) — and the protective signal was carried specifically by the obese subgroup (aHR 0.61), with no detectable effect in non-obese patients.
- 2025Cohortmoderaten=224
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Confer No Increased Rates of IBD Exacerbation Among Patients With IBD
Levine I, Sekhri S, Schreiber-Stainthorp W, +6 · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Among 224 IBD patients prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists at a large US academic health network between 2009 and 2023, twelve-month rates of IBD exacerbation, IBD-related hospitalization, corticosteroid use, medication escalation, and surgery did not differ from pre-prescription baseline — a null safety signal that independently corroborates the Israeli Epi-IIRN findings.
- 2019Cohortmoderaten=684
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Simon JA, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, +5 · Obstetrics and Gynecology
52-week open-label extension of the RECONNECT phase-3 trials — 684 women received bremelanotide for up to 76 weeks total, with nausea (40.4%), flushing (20.6%), and headache (12.0%) the most common adverse events and no new safety signals beyond the on-demand-use profile already established in the core trials.
- 2012Cohortmoderaten=402
Reduction in visceral adiposity is associated with an improved metabolic profile in HIV-infected patients receiving tesamorelin
Stanley TL, Falutz J, Marsolais C, +6 · Clinical Infectious Diseases
Among 402 tesamorelin-treated HIV patients, the visceral-fat responders (>=8% VAT reduction) showed dramatically better triglycerides, fasting glucose, and adiponectin than nonresponders at both 26 and 52 weeks — establishing that the metabolic benefit follows the body-composition response.
- 2002Cohortmoderaten=80
Inhibitory effect of peptide Epitalon on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats
Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Popovich IG, +1 · Cancer Letters
The Khavinson-group cancer-prevention companion to their longevity work — 80 male LIO rats, DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis model, 1 microgram Epitalon five days a week for 6 months. Total colon tumors per rat fell from 4.1 (control) to 2.7 (continuous Epitalon) and 2.9 (Epitalon during DMH exposure only); the post-DMH-only arm at 3.7 did not reach significance. Continuous-exposure arm also showed significantly decreased tumor incidence and multiplicity in ascending and descending colon and inhibition of tumor development in jejunum and ileum.
- 2001Cohortmoderaten=150
Effect of synthetic thymic and pineal peptides on biomarkers of ageing, survival and spontaneous tumour incidence in female CBA mice
Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Mikhalski AI, +1 · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
The Khavinson group's central long-term-dosing animal study supporting geroprotective claims for Vilon (Lys-Glu thymic dipeptide) and Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly pineal tetrapeptide) — 50 female CBA mice per arm, lifelong monthly dosing from 6 months of age, +5.3% mean survival on Epitalon (p<0.05) and decreased lung-adenoma incidence on both peptides.