The research library
Every primary source behind a claim on this site, tier-graded for provenance and tagged for the strength of the evidence it carries.
- Sources indexed
- 221
- Peptides covered
- 44
- Tier 1 share
- 33%
- Matching filter
- 6
F·Filter
Reset allT1·Peer-primary literature
Randomized trials, peer-reviewed primary studies, and meta-analyses — the load-bearing layer of the corpus.
2 sources
- 2026Meta-analysismoderate
Effect of Incretin-Based and Nonpharmacologic Weight Loss on Body Composition: A Systematic Review
Batsis JA, Gavras A, Gross DC, +3 · Annals of Internal Medicine
Annals of Internal Medicine systematic review of 36 randomised controlled trials of liraglutide, semaglutide, tirzepatide, and dulaglutide in adults with obesity, evaluating fat mass, fat-free mass, lean soft tissue, and visceral adiposity outcomes against prespecified benchmarks — the most rigorous synthesis to date of the lean-mass concern that has dominated public discourse about incretin therapy.
- 2026Meta-analysismoderaten=1,593,554
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Dhivagaran T, Butt F, Arunasalam L, +3 · Neurology
Across 1,593,554 patients in a Neurology-published meta-analysis (682,456 semaglutide users vs 911,098 non-GLP-1RA users), semaglutide use was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (RR 2.52; 95% CrI 1.56–4.72), with the strongest signal in patients with diabetes (RR 2.41; 95% CrI 1.57–4.10) — the strongest meta-analytic confirmation to date that the NAION safety signal is real.
T2·Peer-secondary literature
Peer-reviewed reviews and cohort/observational work — context, not bedrock.
3 sources
- 2026Meta-analysismoderaten=25,847
Tirzepatide Beyond Diabetes and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multisystem Therapeutic Benefits
Eisa N, Barood O · Endocrine Practice
A 17-RCT, 25,847-patient meta-analysis pooling tirzepatide's multi-organ outcomes: cardiovascular non-inferiority versus dulaglutide (HR 0.92), 38% reduction in HFpEF death-or-HF-event (HR 0.62), MASH resolution in 62% (RR 5.33), 21.9-event/hour drop in apnea-hypopnea index, 5.8 mm Hg SBP reduction, +1.5 mL/min/year eGFR preservation, and 32.9% hsCRP reduction.
- 2022Meta-analysismoderaten=135,874
Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and incidence of dementia: Data from pooled double-blind randomized controlled trials and nationwide disease and prescription registers
Nørgaard CH, Friedrich S, Hansen CT, +9 · Alzheimer's & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
Pooled cardiovascular-outcome trials (n=15,820) reported dementia HR 0.47 (95% CI 0.25–0.86) with GLP-1 RA randomization; the parallel Danish nationwide registry of 120,054 patients returned HR 0.89 per year of GLP-1 RA exposure — the load-bearing observational signal that motivated the EVOKE and ELAD interventional programs.
- 2018Meta-analysismoderaten=1,879
Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in early post-stroke recovery: a meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials
Bornstein NM, Guekht A, Vester J, +7 · Neurological Sciences
Bornstein 2018 is the manufacturer-aligned meta-analysis that pooled nine Cerebrolysin RCTs across 1,879 patients on the primary NIHSS analysis and reported superiority on NIHSS at day 30 — the positive synthesis the Cochrane review reads more skeptically.
T3·Expert-primary work
Domain-expert primary sources outside the journal pipeline — lectures, podcasts, position papers.
1 source
- 2026Meta-analysismoderaten=63,909
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for obesity in adults: 2026 Update
Ciudin Mihai A, Baker JL, Belancic A, +3 · medRxiv (preprint)
A network meta-analysis pooling 66 RCTs and 63,909 patients across six obesity management medication classes finds tirzepatide and semaglutide as the only compounds exceeding 10% total body weight loss, with semaglutide reducing MACE and all-cause mortality, both incretins benefiting heart-failure outcomes and MASH remission, tirzepatide improving obstructive sleep apnoea, semaglutide improving knee osteoarthritis pain remission and liver fibrosis — and no OMM associated with increased serious adverse events.