Peptide encyclopedia
Every compound indexed here carries mechanism, route of administration, half-life, legal status, and the primary sources backing every claim — graded and dated.
- Compounds
- 75
- Source links
- 249
- Therapeutic classes
- 10
- Matching filter
- 17
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Compounds outside the primary corpus classes.
17 compounds
01
Research use only
C-peptide
proinsulin C-peptide · connecting peptide · et al.
C-peptide is the cautionary tale of how a real mechanism, decades of academic interest, and multiple positive Phase II readouts can still produce a negative pivotal trial — the 'almost made it' peptide in diabetic neuropathy.
Half-life·~30 minutes plasma half-life for native human C-peptide on s…
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02
Prescription only
CGRP-pathway migraine therapeutics (anti-CGRP antibodies and gepants)
erenumab · Aimovig · et al.
The CGRP class is the first mechanism-specific migraine prevention pharmacology in the field's history — and it succeeds against the gepant-generation failure of the 2000s, when telcagepant and MK-3207 were discontinued for hepatotoxicity that the second-generation molecules engineered out.
Half-life·The four monoclonal antibodies have terminal half-lives of a…
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03
Prescription only
Desmopressin
DDAVP · 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin · et al.
Desmopressin is the rare peptide on this site that needs no caveat about evidence depth — it has carried four FDA-approved indications across five decades. The load-bearing safety frame is not efficacy uncertainty but iatrogenic hyponatremia, and the FDA pulled the intranasal pediatric-enuresis indication in 2007 after 61 postmarketing hyponatremic seizures including two deaths.
Half-life·Plasma terminal half-life of roughly 2.5–4 hours after intra…
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04
Prescription only
Eptifibatide
Integrilin · GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor · et al.
Eptifibatide is the worked example on the site of a snake-venom-disintegrin-derived peptide that translated from rodent pharmacology to an FDA-approved acute cardiovascular therapeutic — and that has since seen its routine clinical use steadily contract as oral P2Y12 inhibitors and the EARLY-ACS readout reshaped the antiplatelet landscape around it.
Half-life·Plasma elimination half-life of approximately 2.5 hours in p…
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05
Research use only
Follistatin
FST · FS-288 · et al.
The preclinical case for follistatin in muscle hypertrophy is one of the strongest in any peptide category — and the human pharmacology of the gray-market peptide itself is essentially blank. The clinically-grounded data in this pathway sits on the antibody and gene-therapy side, where the failure track record is substantial.
Half-life·Native human FST-315 has a terminal serum half-life of appro…
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06
Prescription only
GnRH-agonist class (leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, nafarelin, histrelin, buserelin)
LHRH agonist · GnRH agonist · et al.
The agonist paradox is the load-bearing fact of the entire class: pulsatile native GnRH stimulates the HPG axis, while continuous GnRH-receptor occupancy by a long-acting analog desensitizes the receptor and shuts down LH/FSH secretion within two to three weeks. Every depot formulation in the class is designed to exploit the desensitization, not the activation — and the clinical entry point is the transient flare of LH, FSH, and testosterone that the agonist drives before desensitization completes.
Half-life·Plasma half-life of the parent peptides is short (approximat…
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07
Prescription only
GnRH-antagonist class (degarelix, cetrorelix, ganirelix, relugolix, elagolix)
GnRH receptor antagonist · LHRH antagonist · et al.
The GnRH-antagonist class is the mechanistic complement of the GnRH-agonist class — same receptor, opposite pharmacology, no flare, faster castration, and a different post-treatment recovery profile that has rebuilt the hormonal-therapy conversation in advanced prostate cancer and endometriosis.
Half-life·Degarelix has a terminal half-life of approximately 53 days …
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08
Prescription only
Gonadorelin
GnRH · LHRH · et al.
The decades-old academic-medicine case for gonadorelin rests on pulsatile pump infusion every 60 to 120 minutes — a delivery architecture the bro-medicine subcutaneous bolus protocols do not replicate, and which the half-life of the molecule itself essentially forbids.
Half-life·~2 to 4 minutes plasma half-life after intravenous administr…
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09
Prescription only
Icatibant
Firazyr · JE-049 · et al.
Icatibant is the cleanest worked example on the site of a synthetic peptide engineered around a specific endogenous-mediator-receptor pair — bradykinin and the B2 receptor — that translated from rodent pharmacology to FDA approval for an acute rare-disease indication, and that did so with a safety profile dominated almost entirely by the local injection-site reaction the mechanism predicts.
Half-life·Mean plasma elimination half-life of approximately 1.4 ± 0.4…
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10
Research use only
Kisspeptin
KP54 · KP-54 · et al.
The strongest mechanism story in the HPG-axis-restoration class — and the smallest chronic-dosing evidence base of any peptide marketed for it.
Half-life·Kisspeptin-54 plasma half-life is approximately 27.6 minutes…
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11
Research use only
Larazotide
AT-1001 · INN-202 · et al.
Larazotide is the case study the gut-permeability peptide field has had to absorb — a positive Phase IIb signal that did not survive Phase III futility analysis, and a mechanism whose own academic literature has become contested in the same window.
Half-life·Oral, acid-resistant, designed for luminal action in the sma…
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12
Research use only
Melanotan II
MT-II · MT2 · et al.
Melanotan II is the peptide on this site with the most adverse-event case-report literature: melanoma, dysplastic nevi, priapism, rhabdomyolysis, renal infarction, persistent mucosal hyperpigmentation. The pharmacology that drove its commercial appeal is the same pharmacology that produced the FDA-approved spin-off PT-141 at a fraction of the systemic receptor exposure.
Half-life·Plasma half-life approximately 30 to 60 minutes on subcutane…
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13
Research use only
Olcegepant
BIBN 4096 BS · olcegepant
Olcegepant is the proof-of-concept that opened the CGRP-receptor antagonist class — and the molecule that did not reach the market, because intravenous-only dosing made oral formulation impossible and the first-generation oral gepants that followed (telcagepant, MK-3207) were discontinued for hepatotoxicity that the second-generation gepants were specifically engineered around.
Half-life·Terminal plasma half-life of approximately 2.5 hours after s…
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14
Prescription only
Osteoporosis anabolic peptide class (teriparatide, abaloparatide, romosozumab)
teriparatide · Forteo · et al.
The osteoporosis anabolic class is the build-new-bone arm of fracture-prevention pharmacology — distinct from the bisphosphonate and denosumab antiresorptive arm by mechanism, by treatment duration, and by what happens when therapy stops: anabolic gains require a subsequent antiresorptive to be maintained, and the post-anabolic transition is part of the prescription.
Half-life·Teriparatide has a subcutaneous plasma half-life of approxim…
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15
Prescription only
Proteasome inhibitor class (bortezomib, carfilzomib, ixazomib)
bortezomib · Velcade · et al.
The proteasome inhibitor class is the worked example of peptidic pharmacology arriving by way of pharmaceutical chemistry rather than biotechnology — three molecules with a peptide backbone and a C-terminal electrophilic warhead that engage the chymotrypsin-like β5 catalytic site of the 20S proteasome, with bortezomib opening multiple myeloma to a new mechanism in 2003 and the class accumulating two follow-on approvals over the subsequent twelve years.
Half-life·Bortezomib has a multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic profile…
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16
Prescription only
Somatostatin-analog peptide class (octreotide, lanreotide, pasireotide)
octreotide · Sandostatin · et al.
Native somatostatin lasts about two minutes in human plasma. The somatostatin-analog class is the worked example of medicinal chemistry rescuing an endogenous peptide from clinical irrelevance — three molecules, three pharmacokinetic strategies, four decades of pituitary and gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine practice built on top.
Half-life·Native somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 are degraded by u…
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17
Prescription only
Ziconotide
Prialt · SNX-111 · et al.
Ziconotide is the cleanest worked example on the site of a marine-venom peptide that translated from invertebrate neurochemistry to FDA approval — and the cleanest worked example of a peptide therapeutic whose mechanism was so potent and so non-selective for its target system that the only viable route of administration is a surgically implanted intrathecal pump.
Half-life·Cerebrospinal-fluid terminal half-life of approximately 4.6 …
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